{"id":1139,"date":"2025-07-23T11:21:01","date_gmt":"2025-07-23T09:21:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/?p=1139"},"modified":"2025-08-30T17:32:04","modified_gmt":"2025-08-30T15:32:04","slug":"1-1-naucte-se-od-lekare-hodnoceni-telesne-hmotnosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/index.php\/pro-verejnost\/rodinny-pruvodce-zdravym-zivotnim-stylem\/lekar\/1-1-naucte-se-od-lekare-hodnoceni-telesne-hmotnosti\/","title":{"rendered":"Nau\u010dte se od l\u00e9ka\u0159e &#8211; Hodnocen\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Jak zjist\u00edte, zda je t\u011blesn\u00e1 hmotnost p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1, nebo naopak p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzk\u00e1?<\/h2>\n<p>U d\u011bt\u00ed a dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch do 18 let se k posouzen\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed percentilov\u00e9 grafy pro index t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti, tzv. BMI (Body Mass Index). Tento index v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee ur\u010dit, zda je t\u011blesn\u00e1 hmotnost v norm\u011b, \u010di m\u00e1te nadv\u00e1hu\/obezitu nebo naopak podv\u00e1hu. Pro v\u00fdpo\u010det BMI budete pot\u0159ebovat zn\u00e1t svoji aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u011blesnou hmotnost v kilogramech a t\u011blesnou v\u00fd\u0161ku v metrech. V\u00fdpo\u010det BMI se vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 podle n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho vzorce:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Vzorec pro v\u00fdpo\u010det BMI<\/strong>\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0t\u011blesn\u00e1 hmotnost (kg) \/ t\u011blesn\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka (m)<sup>2<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Tento vzorec pro BMI zn\u00e1zor\u0148uje pod\u00edl t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti a druh\u00e9 mocniny t\u011blesn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky.<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong>\u00a014let\u00fd chlapec v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed 80 kg a m\u011b\u0159\u00ed 170 cm (tedy 1,7 m). BMI vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1te tak, \u017ee vyd\u011bl\u00edte 80 kg druhou mocninou t\u011blesn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky (1,7 \u00d7 1,7 = 2,89). BMI se tedy vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 jako 80 \/ 2,89, co\u017e je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 27,7 kg\/m\u00b2.<\/p>\n<p>Nyn\u00ed je pot\u0159eba se pod\u00edvat do percentilov\u00fdch graf\u016f pro BMI a zjistit, jak je na tom va\u0161e t\u011blesn\u00e1 hmotnost (Obr\u00e1zek 1). Existuj\u00ed grafy zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 pro d\u00edvky a pro chlapce. V grafu se pod\u00edv\u00e1te, kde se va\u0161e hodnota BMI nach\u00e1z\u00ed, a zjist\u00edte, do jak\u00e9ho percentilov\u00e9ho p\u00e1sma spad\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Grafy jsou rozd\u011bleny do n\u011bkolika d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch percentilov\u00fdch k\u0159ivek, kter\u00e9 jsou ozna\u010deny \u010d\u00edsly (3, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90 a 97). Hodnocen\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti vych\u00e1z\u00ed z toho, v jak\u00e9m p\u00e1smu se va\u0161e BMI nach\u00e1z\u00ed (Tabulka 1).<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edklad hodnocen\u00ed: U chlapce z na\u0161eho p\u0159\u00edkladu, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 BMI 27,7 kg\/m\u00b2, bychom v grafu pro chlapce zjistili, \u017ee tato hodnota BMI se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v p\u00e1smu nad 97. percentilem. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee chlapcova t\u011blesn\u00e1 hmotnost je v p\u00e1smu obezity.<\/p>\n<p>Jak je to u dosp\u011bl\u00fdch? U jedinc\u016f star\u0161\u00edch 18 let se ji\u017e nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed percentilov\u00e9 grafy. Hodnot\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edmo BMI:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>BMI mezi 25-30 kg\/m\u00b2 znamen\u00e1 nadv\u00e1hu.<\/li>\n<li>BMI vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 30 kg\/m\u00b2 zna\u010d\u00ed obezitu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zm\u00ednit, \u017ee BMI je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd ukazatel, ale m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 limity. Neum\u00ed toti\u017e rozli\u0161ovat mezi svalovou hmotou a t\u011blesn\u00fdm tukem. Sportovci mohou m\u00edt vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hmotnost kv\u016fli v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu mno\u017estv\u00ed sval\u016f, proto\u017ee svaly jsou t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e tuk. Pro p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9ho slo\u017een\u00ed v\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee l\u00e9ka\u0159\/ka poslat na vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed , jak\u00fdm je nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u011blesn\u00e1 bioimpedance, kter\u00e1 dok\u00e1\u017ee l\u00e9pe rozli\u0161it mezi svalovou a tukovou hmotou.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Obr\u00e1zek 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/BMI.png\" alt=\"BMI\" width=\"500\" height=\"486\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/szu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/BMI_Chlapci.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BMI grafy pro chlapce<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/szu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/BMI_Divky.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BMI grafy pro d\u00edvky<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/szu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/BMI_Divky.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tabulka 1:<\/strong>\u00a0Percentilov\u00e1 klasifikace podle BMI<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"260\"><strong>Percentilov\u00e9 p\u00e1smo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"504\"><strong>Hodnocen\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"260\">Pod 3. percentilem<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"504\">Podv\u00e1ha<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"260\">3.-10. percentil<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"504\">Hrani\u010dn\u00ed podv\u00e1ha<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"260\">10.-25. percentil<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"504\">\u0160t\u00edhlost<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"260\">25.-75. percentil<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"504\">Norm\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e1 hmotnost<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"260\">75.-90. percentil<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"504\">Robustnost<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"260\">90.-97. percentil<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"504\">Nadm\u011brn\u00e1 t\u011blesn\u00e1 hmotnost &#8211; nadv\u00e1ha<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"260\">Nad 97. percentilem<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"504\">Vysok\u00e1 t\u011blesn\u00e1 hmotnost &#8211; obezita<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/1.1-Naucte-se-od-lekare-hodnoceni-telesne-hmotnosti.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Text ke sta\u017een\u00ed v pdf<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak zjist\u00edte, zda je t\u011blesn\u00e1 hmotnost p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1, nebo naopak p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzk\u00e1? U d\u011bt\u00ed a dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch do 18 let se k posouzen\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed percentilov\u00e9 grafy pro index t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti, tzv. BMI (Body Mass Index). Tento index v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee ur\u010dit, zda je t\u011blesn\u00e1 hmotnost v norm\u011b, \u010di m\u00e1te nadv\u00e1hu\/obezitu nebo naopak podv\u00e1hu. Pro [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lekar"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1139","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1139"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1139\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2174,"href":"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1139\/revisions\/2174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1139"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1139"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.temp-site.cz\/obezitas\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1139"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}